The Badminton Estate, in the Gloucestershire countryside, has been home to the Dukes of Beaufort since the late 17th century. Here, at the Cottage, Page helped to create a series of elegant yet relaxed garden rooms. His work there spanned two decades, and the final designs were among his last.
The Cottage, East and South gardens, Badminton Estate, Badminton, Gloucestershire, England
1965 to 1984
Badminton Estate, c. 1987, ©Marina Schinz
Archive of Garden Design Ref: RP/1/1/2
The Cottage at Badminton (sometimes referred to as the Dower House) features a series of garden rooms, in which formal structures of yew and box hedging, flagstone and brick paths, were combined with an abundance of flowering plants – old fashioned roses, peonies and clematis among them – to create a quintessentially English garden. Although situated at some distance from Badminton House itself, the character of the garden perfectly suited the estate’s parkland, which had been laid out from the 17th century onwards by landscape architects such as William Kent and Thomas Wright.
The Lady Caroline Somerset and her husband David, the future Duke of Beaufort, first asked Page to work on the gardens in the mid-1960s. Page already knew the Somersets well. Lady Caroline (née Thynn) was the daughter of the 6th Marquess of Bath, with whom Page had first started working at Longleat in Wiltshire in the 1930s, while David Somerset, chairman of Marlborough Fine Art, was a good friend of the Italian industrialist and Fiat heir Gianni Agnelli, one of Page’s clients since the 1950s.
Shortly after their wedding in 1950, David and Caroline Somerset had been invited to live at Badminton House by the 10th Duke; he and the Duchess were childless and, although he was only a distant cousin, it was highly likely that David would one day succeed to the family titles and estates. It was only as the Somersets’ family expanded (their first child was born in 1952, their fourth and final in 1964) that the arrangement changed, and in 1963 they moved to the Cottage (on the estate). They soon set about transforming the garden at their new home. Although covered in bindweed and ground elder, it had, according to Lady Caroline, ‘bones’: yew hedges, an orchard and walls more than one hundred and fifty years old (Somerset 125). She was aware that she wanted the garden to be laid out as rooms, and spent a couple of years establishing the groundwork before enlisting Page’s help (the earliest date on the surviving plans is June 1965 but the reference numbers suggest he may have begun to draw up designs the previous year). The plans suggest that he continued to work on the gardens at the Cottage until 1979.
The first space on which Page worked was the kitchen garden, described by Fred Whitsey in 1977 as ‘surely the prettiest in the realm’ (484). There is a separate detailed drawing of the wooden arbour which Page designed for the centre of this space. Although the Somersets were enthusiastic gardeners themselves, the plans include designs for a stone archway, a walled flower garden, a herb garden, an obelisk and a dovecote, suggesting that Page’s involvement in the evolution of the garden was significant.
In 1984 David Somerset became the Duke of Beaufort, and Lady Caroline set about remodelling the gardens closer to the main house. When Steven Desmond visited Badminton in the early 1990s, he was informed by David Somerset that Page’s involvement in the design of these gardens was minimal:
‘The Duke knew Page quite well, and recalls him as a rather lonely man, confident in his own ability. On the back of an envelope, he sketched out the lines of the proposed Badminton garden on the east front of the house, but it got no further than that as mortality intervened soon afterwards.’ (116)
Although Page may have died before he could implement them, between February and May 1984 he did in fact draw up a plan for the South Front garden and series of suggested designs for the East Front garden (see RP/1/1/2/10, RP/1/1/2/16, RP/1/1/2/9). These, it would seem, were used as a starting point by designer Francois Goffinet, who took over the project at Badminton (he also continued Page’s work at PepsiCo’s headquarters in America).
Page chose to be buried at Badminton in a simple unmarked grave.
Literature
Desmond, Steven. “Gloucestershire’s Secret Garden.” Country Life, vol. 207, no. 18, 2013, 114-118.
Somerset, Caroline. “The Dower House, Badminton, Avon.” The Englishwoman’s Garden, edited by Alvilde Lees-Milne and Rosemary Verey. Chatto & Windus, 1980, pp. 125-130.
van Zuylen, Gabrielle and Marina Schinz. The Gardens of Russell Page. London: Frances Lincoln Ltd, 2008.
Whitsey, Fred. “Russell Page’s English gardens.” The Garden: Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. Vol. 102, part 12, December 1977, pp. 481-487.
Worthland, Cristopher. “The Cottage at Badminton.” The Art of the Room, 4 Sept. 2014, http://theartoftheroom.com/2014/09/the-cottage-at-badminton/.
Related material in the Archive of Garden Design
LAW/G550/1-16 (Temporary Ref.): 29 35mm colour slides (undated) taken by Andrew Lawson of the gardens at Badminton House, mostly of the parterre.
Related material elsewhere
There are 35mm colour transparencies of the garden at Badminton in the RHS Lindley Library reference collection (PAG/2/3/8 and PAG/2/3/26).